ABSTRACT
The incidence of gynecological malignant tumors is increasing year by year, posing serious threatens to women's health. Photoacoustic dynamic therapy includes photodynamic therapy and sonodynamic therapy, killing tumor cells by photosensitizer and sonosensitizer activated by light or ultrasound, have the advantages of non-invasion, precise targeting, little side effects and widely used in diagnosis and treatment of gynecological tumors. The progress of photoacoustic dynamic therapy and its application in cervical cancer, ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer were reviewed in this article.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the effect of ultrasound-mediated soluble programmed cell death 1 receptor (sPD-1) and miR-206 loaded nanoscale microbubbles on H22 hepatoma subcutaneous xenografts in mice. Methods: sPD-1 and miR-206 loaded nanoscale microbubbles were prepared. The mice models of H22 hepatoma xenografts were established and randomly divided into model group, microbubble control group, miR-206 microbubble group, sPD-1 microbubble group and combined group (miR-206 and sPD-1 microbubbles). Mice in each group (each n=8) were treated with normal saline or corresponding nanoscale microbubbles every 2 days by injection via tail vein, and then irradiated by ultrasound once after every injection. Tumor tissues were obtained after being treated 5 times. Tumor volume and quality were measured, the volume and quality inhibitory rates were calculated. HE staining was used to observe pathological changes of the tumors. The expressions of Bcl-2, Bax proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry. The expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, c-met, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and programmed cell death 1 receptor ligand (PD-L1) mRNA were detected with RT-PCR. Quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-206.Results: The nanoscale bubbles were spherical and distributed uniformly. Compared with model group, tumor volume and quality decreased in other groups, and the volume and quality inhibitory rates increased (all P<0.05), especially in combined group (all P<0.05). Compared with model group, the Bax protein and mRNA expressions both increased, whereas the Bcl-2 protein and mRNA expressions decreased in other groups, especially in combined group (all P<0.01). There were significant differences of Bax, Bcl-2, c-met, PD-L1, IFN-γ and miR-206 mRNA in tumor tissues among each group (all P<0.01). Conclusion: Ultrasound-mediated sPD-1 combine miR-206 loaded nanoscale microbubbles can synergistically inhibit H22 hepatoma xenografts in mice.